Journal: OncoTargets and therapy

Article Title: Overexpression of ETV4 protein in triple-negative breast cancer is associated with a higher risk of distant metastasis

doi: 10.2147/OTT.S66692

Figure Lengend Snippet: Relative expression comparison for 84 metastasis-related genes between triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and luminal A breast cancer tissue detected using a Human Tumor Metastasis RT 2 Profiler™ PCR Array. Notes: The figure depicts a log transformation plot of the relative expression level of each gene (ΔΔCt) between TNBC (y-axis) and luminal A (x-axis). The red lines indicate a three-fold change in gene expression threshold. Abbreviations: PCR, polymerase chain reaction; ETV4, ETS translocation variant 4; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase.

Article Snippet: Real-time PCR was then performed on each sample using the Human Tumor Metastasis RT 2 ProfilerTM PCR Array (SuperArray Bioscience) in an OpticonTM DNA Engine ABI Prism system (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA), according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Expressing, Comparison, Transformation Assay, Gene Expression, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Translocation Assay, Variant Assay

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: IL-12 Can Target Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells and Normal Bronchial Epithelial Cells Surrounding Tumor Lesions

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006119

Figure Lengend Snippet: 1A. Histological features and IL-12Rβ2 expression in human bronchioloalveolar lung carcinomas. Non-mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma typically shows columnar neoplastic cells growing along the alveolar septa (a). In 41.4% of adenocarcinomas, neoplastic cells lack IL12Rβ2 expression (b), though a few may sometimes retain it (inset in b). By contrast, alveoli unaffected by malignant process express IL-12Rβ2 (c), as observed in the remaining tumors (d). (×400). 1B. Angiogenic activity of supernatants from one representative lung ADC sample cultured in the presence or absence of hrIL12. CAM treated with sponges loaded with supernatant from the untreated cells were surrounded by allantoic vessels developing radially towards the implant in a ‘spoked-wheel’ pattern (left panel). When supernatants from hrIL-12 treated lung ADC sample was tested, a significant reduction (P = 0.001) of the angiogenic response was appreciable (right panel). These experiments were repeated three times. Original magnification: ×50. 1C. Pooled results from human angiogenesis PCR array performed in three lung ADC samples cultured in the presence or absence of hrIL-12 are shown. Histogram shows fold expression changes of genes in primary samples treated with hrIL-12 vs medium.

Article Snippet: Human Angiogenesis RT 2 ProfilerTM PCR Array and RT 2 Real-TimeTM SyBR Green/ROX PCR Mix were purchased from SuperArray Bioscience Corporation.

Techniques: Expressing, Activity Assay, Cell Culture

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: IL-12 Can Target Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells and Normal Bronchial Epithelial Cells Surrounding Tumor Lesions

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006119

Figure Lengend Snippet: 3A. Volume of tumors grown after Calu6/β2 cell inoculation orthotopically (left panel) or subcutaneously (right panel) in PBS and hrIL-12 treated animals. Animals injected orthotopically were sacrificed after 23 days, those injected subcutaneously after 14 days. Volume of tumors grown after inoculation orthotopically (left panel) or subcutaneously (right panel) of Calu6 cell transfected with the empty vector hrIL-12 treated animals was also shown (empty vector+IL12). The differences in size between tumors removed from PBS and hrIL-12 treated mice were evaluated by Mann-Whitney U test. Boxes indicate values between the 25 th and 75 th percentiles, whisker lines represent highest and lowest values for each group. Horizontal lines represent median values. 3B. Tumors (developed after s.c injection) injected subcutaneously with Calu6/β2 cells in PBS-treated SCID/NOD mice are mostly formed of nests of undifferentiated, pleomorphic and proliferating cells (mitotic (figures) features indicated by arrows) rapidly infiltrating the underlying muscle layers (arrowheads) (a), and supplied by a distinct microvessel network, as assessed by laminin staining (b). In hrIL-12 treated mice, tumor histology is altered by the appearance of large areas of ischemic-hemorrhagic necrosis (N) (c) associated with defective microvascular architecture (d) (×400). Orthotopical injection of Calu6/β2 cells gave rise, in PBS-treated mice, to tumors with istopathological features (e) similar to those of subcutaneously developed tumors (a) and supplied by a well developed microvascular network (f). As observed in subcutaneous tumors, in orthotopic tumors as well hrIL-12 treatment induced wide necrosis (g) and severe microvascular alterations (h) (×400). 3C. Human Angiogenesis PCR Array on tumors explanted from hrIL-12 vs PBS treated animals 23 days after orthotopic inoculation of Calu6/β2 cells. Histogram shows fold expression changes of genes in tumors from hrIL-12 vs PBC treated mice. 3D. Tumors from PBS-treated mice express VEGF-C (a) and IL-6 (c). Expression of VEGF-C and IL-6 is strongly reduced (b and d, respectively) in tumors from hrIL-12 treated mice. (×400).

Article Snippet: Human Angiogenesis RT 2 ProfilerTM PCR Array and RT 2 Real-TimeTM SyBR Green/ROX PCR Mix were purchased from SuperArray Bioscience Corporation.

Techniques: Injection, Transfection, Plasmid Preparation, MANN-WHITNEY, Whisker Assay, Staining, Expressing